Casualties unknown

Non-Instrument Rated Pilot Flies Night Return Without Weather Briefing; Wreckage Found Next Morning (N5478K)

Bismarck, ND, US

On June 1, 1991, a Cessna 172P (registration N5478K) operated by Flight Training, Ltd. was involved in an aviation accident near Bismarck, ND. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: SPATIAL DISORIENTATION. FACTORS RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT ARE FAILURE TO OBTAIN A PREFLIGHT WEATHER BRIEF, VRF FLIGHT INTO IMC CONDITIONS AND LACK OF TOTAL EXPERIENCE. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

A non-instrument rated pilot with three hours of night experience took off at 0050 without a preflight weather briefing. The wreckage was found the next morning eight miles northeast of the airport, near an interstate. Fog was reported forming at the time.

Accident Details

A non-instrument rated pilot departed an airport at 0050 for a return flight home. The pilot had accumulated only three hours of night flying experience and did not obtain a preflight weather briefing. The temperature at the time was 58 degrees Fahrenheit with a dew point of 56 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating conditions favorable for fog formation.

Before departure, the pilot told a friend at the airport that he intended to follow an interstate highway during the flight. The aircraft was operated to fulfill a military reserve commitment.

Wreckage Discovery

The aircraft wreckage was located the following morning eight miles northeast of the departure airport and three-quarters of a mile north of the interstate highway. A state trooper on duty at the time of the accident reported that fog was forming at the time of the accident. The trooper also noted that the accident site was an area where fog is very common.

Findings

The investigation identified that the pilot was not instrument rated, had limited night flying experience, and did not obtain a preflight weather briefing. The fog conditions at the time of the accident may have been a significant environmental factor, but no explicit probable cause was stated in the source.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 1 Jun 1991 Cessna 172P accident near Bismarck, ND?

A non-instrument rated pilot with three hours of night experience took off at 0050 without a preflight weather briefing. The wreckage was found the next morning eight miles northeast of the airport, near an interstate. Fog was reported forming at the time.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 1 Jun 1991 involved a Cessna 172P, registration N5478K, operated by Flight Training, Ltd., at Bismarck, ND.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

SPATIAL DISORIENTATION. FACTORS RELATED TO THE ACCIDENT ARE FAILURE TO OBTAIN A PREFLIGHT WEATHER BRIEF, VRF FLIGHT INTO IMC CONDITIONS AND LACK OF TOTAL EXPERIENCE.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X17207. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.