Casualties unknown

Night Flight Ends in Icing-Related Accident (N96147)

Marquette, MI, US

On November 23, 1991, a Cessna 172P (registration N96147) operated by Baldwin Aircraft was involved in an aviation accident near Marquette, MI. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: FLIGHT INTO KNOWN ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS BY THE PILOT, WHICH RESULTED IN AIRFRAME (WING) ICING AND THE INABILITY TO MAINTAIN ALTITUDE. THE ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS AND DARKNESS WERE RELATED FACTORS. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

A pilot flying five people in a four-seat airplane departed VFR at night, then filed IFR. Despite icing warnings, he continued into conditions leading to ice accretion, loss of altitude, and impact with trees and terrain.

Overview

At night, an airline transport pilot departed in a four-seat airplane carrying a total of five people. The pilot received a preflight weather briefing that indicated instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) along the route of flight associated with a cold front. The briefer issued flight precautions for moderate rime and mixed icing along the entire route of flight.

Flight Details

The pilot elected to depart under visual flight rules (VFR) and subsequently air-filed an instrument flight plan. During the flight, he received several inflight weather briefings that gave low IFR conditions at his destination and surface temperatures just above freezing. He elected to continue the flight.

Icing Encounter

The airplane began to collect ice. The pilot was unable to maintain altitude due to the ice accretion and ultimately descended into trees and terrain.

Aircraft Information

The airplane was not certificated for flight into icing conditions and was not fitted with any airfoil or propeller deice or anti-icing equipment.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 23 Nov 1991 Cessna 172P accident near Marquette, MI?

A pilot flying five people in a four-seat airplane departed VFR at night, then filed IFR. Despite icing warnings, he continued into conditions leading to ice accretion, loss of altitude, and impact with trees and terrain.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 23 Nov 1991 involved a Cessna 172P, registration N96147, operated by Baldwin Aircraft, at Marquette, MI.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

FLIGHT INTO KNOWN ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS BY THE PILOT, WHICH RESULTED IN AIRFRAME (WING) ICING AND THE INABILITY TO MAINTAIN ALTITUDE. THE ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS AND DARKNESS WERE RELATED FACTORS.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X18433. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.