Casualties unknown

Midair Collision Between Cessna 210 and Cessna 180 Near Sacramento (N784RF)

Thornton, CA, US

On November 29, 1992, a Cessna T210M (registration N784RF) operated by Franich, Russell was involved in an aviation accident near Thornton, CA. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE FAILURE OF THE PILOTS OF BOTH AIRPLANES TO SEE AND AVOID EACH OTHER. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE FAILURE OF THE SACRAMENTO CONTROLLER TO ADVISE THE STOCKTON CONTROLLER OF THE IMPENDING UNSAFE SITUATION, AND THE FAILURE OF THE STOCKTON CONTROLLER… This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

A Cessna 210 (N784RF) and Cessna 180 (N3313D) collided near head-on between two TRACON facilities. Both aircraft had Mode C altitude encoding and were depicted on radar before the collision. Visibility was 10 miles in haze, with some pilots reporting smoke limiting visibility to 1-5 miles.

Overview

A midair collision occurred between a Cessna 210, registration N784RF, and a Cessna 180, registration N3313D, in the vicinity between two TRACON facilities. The collision was described as near head-on, with the right wing of the Cessna 210 contacting the left wing of the Cessna 180. Both wings separated approximately mid-span at a roughly 90-degree orientation relative to each other.

Flight Details of Cessna 210

After departing from Sacramento, the pilot of the Cessna 210 declined further radar traffic advisories. The aircraft was climbing on a heading of about 152 degrees. The pilot had changed radio frequency to receive weather advisories for the destination airport.

Flight Details of Cessna 180

The Cessna 180 was in cruise flight at an altitude of 3,100 feet on a heading of about 307 degrees. The pilot had just terminated participation in receiving radar traffic advisories from the Stockton TRACON.

Collision

The two airplanes collided near head-on approximately halfway between two TRACON facilities. The impact occurred between the right wing of the Cessna 210 and the left wing of the Cessna 180, severing both wings about mid-span in a near-perpendicular orientation.

Visibility

Visibility at the time was reported as 10 miles in haze. However, other pilots in the area reported that smoke limited visibility to between 1 and 5 miles.

Radar Information

Both aircraft were equipped with Mode C altitude encoding transponders. Prior to the collision, both aircraft were depicted on radar.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 29 Nov 1992 Cessna T210M accident near Thornton, CA?

A Cessna 210 (N784RF) and Cessna 180 (N3313D) collided near head-on between two TRACON facilities. Both aircraft had Mode C altitude encoding and were depicted on radar before the collision. Visibility was 10 miles in haze, with some pilots reporting smoke limiting visibility to 1-5 miles.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 29 Nov 1992 involved a Cessna T210M, registration N784RF, operated by Franich, Russell, at Thornton, CA.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

THE FAILURE OF THE PILOTS OF BOTH AIRPLANES TO SEE AND AVOID EACH OTHER. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE FAILURE OF THE SACRAMENTO CONTROLLER TO ADVISE THE STOCKTON CONTROLLER OF THE IMPENDING UNSAFE SITUATION, AND THE FAILURE OF THE STOCKTON CONTROLLER TO ISSUE A TRAFFIC ADVISORY AND A SAFETY ALERT TO THE PILOT…

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001211X16051. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.