On August 29, 1994, a Cessna 210L (registration N712JM) was involved in an aviation accident near Orr, MN. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: IMPROPER PLANNING/DECISION BY THE PILOT, WHICH RESULTED IN FUEL EXHAUSTION DUE TO AN INADEQUATE SUPPLY OF FUEL. FACTORS RELATING TO THE ACCIDENT WERE: THE FALSE INDICATION FROM THE FUEL QUANTITY GAUGES, AND TERRAIN CONDITION IN THE EMERGENCY LANDING AREA. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.
During final approach, the pilot noticed a sudden altitude drop and the engine did not respond to power increase or fuel tank switch. The airplane landed short of the runway in marshy terrain, collapsing the gear and nosing over after hitting a tree stump. Fuel gauges read 50 pounds, but investigation found minimal fuel.
Accident Narrative
The pilot reported that while on final approach to land, he observed a sudden loss of altitude. He attempted to increase engine power, but the engine did not respond. Switching the fuel tank selection did not restore engine power. The pilot then conducted an emergency landing short of the runway in a marshy, wet area with tall grass. Upon landing, the landing gear collapsed. The airplane subsequently slid into a tree stump and nosed over.
Investigation Findings
The pilot and both passengers stated that at the time of the accident, both fuel gauges indicated 50 pounds of fuel. Investigators found the fuel selector valve in the left tank feed position. The left fuel tank contained only three ounces of fuel, while the right tank held two gallons. There was no evidence of fuel spillage, and the fuel line to the distribution manifold was empty.