Casualties unknown

Intentional Autorotation During Flight Tests Leads to Helicopter Destruction (N23Y)

Leadville, CO, US

On September 10, 1996, a Bell UH-1H (registration N23Y) operated by Idaho Helicopters, Inc. was involved in an aviation accident near Leadville, CO. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: Insufficient airspeed for the altitude used, or insufficient altitude for the airspeed used, placing the helicopter outside the low end of the height-velocity curve. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive; 2 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

During high altitude flight tests, an intentional autorotation from 200 feet resulted in the pilot being unable to arrest the descent rate, causing the helicopter to impact the runway and be destroyed.

Incident Overview

The helicopter was engaged in high altitude flight tests aimed at obtaining two Supplemental Type Certificates. The pilot initiated an intentional autorotation from an altitude of 200 feet at a gross weight of 8,000 pounds. The autorotation was performed at 42 knots with a one-second delay before lowering the collective control. As the helicopter approached the runway at 40 knots, the pilot reported being unable to arrest the descent rate. The helicopter subsequently impacted the runway and was destroyed.

Video Evidence

A video camera recorded the flight tests. Review of the footage revealed that on at least two previous autorotations, the tail boom stinger struck the ground first. This observation was noted by an FAA helicopter operations inspector.

Inspector's Assessment

According to the FAA inspector, the tail boom strikes indicated that the pilot was operating outside the low end of the height-velocity curve. The inspector stated that "either there was insufficient airspeed for the altitude used, or there was insufficient altitude for the airspeed used."

Probable cause

Insufficient airspeed for the altitude used, or insufficient altitude for the airspeed used, placing the helicopter outside the low end of the height-velocity curve.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001208X06727. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.