Flight Details
During descent to the airport, the pilot-in-command (PIC) estimated the required landing distance on a dry runway as 2,720 feet. The second-in-command (SIC) remarked that if he touched down without brakes, he would go around. The instrument landing system (ILS) approach to Runway 23 was in use.
Runway Conditions
A Hawker Jet that landed prior to the accident flight reported braking action as "poor." All runway surfaces were covered with a thin layer of snow. The tower controller informed the flightcrew before landing that winds were from 330 degrees at 18 knots. The latest weather at the airport included winds from 330 degrees at 12 knots, gusting to 22 knots; visibility 3/4 statute mile with light snow; and overcast clouds at 300 feet.
Landing and Overrun
The aircraft touched down with approximately 2,233 feet of the 5,101-foot runway remaining. It departed the end of the runway and entered an overrun grassy area, where the nose landing gear assembly collapsed.
Performance Data
According to the airplane’s Pilot’s Operating Manual, the estimated landing distance on a dry runway for the existing conditions was about 2,750 feet. No charts were available in the FAA-approved Airplane Flight Manual to compute landing distance on a contaminated runway. A review of 14 CFR Part 25.1, which prescribes airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes, indicated that landing distance must be determined on a level, smooth, dry, hard-surfaced runway. There were no requirements for the applicant to determine landing distances on wet or contaminated runways.