Casualties unknown

Fuel Exhaustion Precipitates Ditching (N98117)

Fort Pierce, FL, US

On May 7, 2005, a Piper PA-28-140 (registration N98117) operated by Herschel B. Smith was involved in an aviation accident near Fort Pierce, FL. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision which resulted in fuel exhaustion. A contributing factor in the accident was the pilot's inadequate preflight planning/preparation to ensure an adequate fuel supply was available for the intended flight. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

A pilot, having landed with fuel levels 1/2 inch below tank tabs, departed without refueling, estimated 30 gallons onboard. Fuel exhaustion occurred en route, forcing a ditching; the airplane nosed over after touchdown.

Flight Sequence

The pilot completed an uneventful inbound flight lasting 1 hour 30 minutes. After landing, a visual inspection of the fuel tanks showed the fuel level in both tanks was approximately 1/2 inch below the tab. The aircraft was not flown again until the departure of the accident flight, and no fuel was purchased in the interim.

During the preflight inspection for the accident flight, the pilot observed the same fuel levels as after the inbound flight. He estimated that the aircraft departed with approximately 30 gallons of fuel.

Fuel Management

After takeoff, the aircraft climbed to 8,500 feet, where the pilot noted a ground speed of 70-72 knots. After obtaining winds aloft, he decided to descend to 6,500 feet and continued toward the destination. At a point where he was equidistant from the destination airport and an airport in the Bahamas, he elected to proceed to his intended destination.

He descended to 3,500 feet when the aircraft was about 20 miles from the destination airport. The flight continued, and when approximately 10 miles from the destination, the fuel supply in the right fuel tank was exhausted first, followed by the left fuel tank.

Accident

With both engines out of fuel, the pilot ditched the aircraft. After touchdown, the airplane nosed over. The pilot did not perform fuel consumption calculations for either flight, relying on his knowledge of historical fuel consumption.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 7 May 2005 Piper PA-28-140 accident near Fort Pierce, FL?

A pilot, having landed with fuel levels 1/2 inch below tank tabs, departed without refueling, estimated 30 gallons onboard. Fuel exhaustion occurred en route, forcing a ditching; the airplane nosed over after touchdown.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 7 May 2005 involved a Piper PA-28-140, registration N98117, operated by Herschel B. Smith, at Fort Pierce, FL.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The pilot's inadequate in-flight planning/decision which resulted in fuel exhaustion. A contributing factor in the accident was the pilot's inadequate preflight planning/preparation to ensure an adequate fuel supply was available for the intended flight.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20050602X00715. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.