Hydraulic Leak Leads to Emergency Descent in Boeing 737-800

Casualties unknown • FIR Canarias / Hiszpania, PL

A Boeing 737-800 experienced a progressive hydraulic system failure following a component malfunction, forcing the crew to declare a PAN PAN urgency.

What happened

On March 15, 2019, a Boeing 737-800, registration SP-ENN, was operating a flight that had departed from Fuerteventura (GCFV) approximately 80 to 90 minutes prior. While operating within the Canarias FIR, the crew observed a "Master Caution" alert. Upon inspecting the overhead panel, the crew noted a momentary "Low Pressure" indication on the System A engine-driven hydraulic pump.

As the crew initiated the "HYDRAUL and Pump Low Pressure" procedures, they identified a progressive leak in System A, with fluid levels steadily decreasing. While System B initially remained stable at 96%, the pressure in System A dropped rapidly until the fluid level reached zero and a "Loss Pressure of SYS A" alert was triggered.

Due to the deteriorating situation, the crew decided to divert to Katowice-Pyrzowice (EPKT). During the descent, approximately 40NM from the destination, the crew declared an "URGENCY" (PAN PAN) status. Shortly after, the hydraulic fluid level in System B began to deplete rapidly, dropping from 96% to 60% within two to three minutes. To ensure a safe arrival, the crew manually extended the landing gear and set the flaps to 40°. The aircraft landed at EPKT without further incident.

The investigation

The PKBWL investigation focused on the mechanical cause of the fluid loss and the integrity of the hydraulic system components. The investigation examined the condition of the landing gear assembly and the installation of hydraulic pump components.

Findings

  • A malfunction of the right-side shimmy damper caused the initial hydraulic fluid leak.
  • The improper installation of the standby electric motor-driven pump (EMDP) case filter contributed to the system failure.
  • The rapid depletion of System B was linked to the ongoing loss of hydraulic fluid following the initial failure.

Probable cause

The primary cause of the hydraulic failure was a malfunction of the right landing gear shimmy damper, which led to a fluid leak, compounded by the incorrect installation of the standby EMDP case filter.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 2019-03-15 BOEING, 737-800 accident near FIR Canarias / Hiszpania, PL?

A Boeing 737-800 experienced a progressive hydraulic system failure following a component malfunction, forcing the crew to declare a PAN PAN urgency.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 2019-03-15 involved a BOEING, 737-800, registration SP-ENN, operated by Pilot samolotowy ATPL(A), at FIR Canarias / Hiszpania, PL.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The primary cause of the hydraulic failure was a malfunction of the right landing gear shimmy damper, which led to a fluid leak, compounded by the incorrect installation of the standby EMDP case filter.

Investigation report by the Polish State Commission on Aircraft Accidents Investigation (PKBWL). Original record: https://pkbwl.gov.pl/raporty/2019-0757/. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the Panstwowa Komisja Badania Wypadkow Lotniczych (PKBWL), Poland.

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