What happened
On August 14, 2017, a privately owned Socata TBM700, registered N702AV, departed Yao Airport at 11:57 JST for a leisure flight under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR). The flight was destined for Fukushima Airport. During the flight, the aircraft deviated from the air traffic control-instructed route. At 12:13 JST, the pilot communicated an intention to return to Yao Airport; however, the aircraft subsequently crashed into a mountain forest in Yamazoe village, Yamabe-ground, Nara Prefecture. The impact caused the aircraft to be destroyed and triggered a post-crash fire. The captain and a passenger, both of whom were on board, sustained two fatal injuries.
The investigation
The Japan Transport Safety Board (JTSB) conducted an investigation into the accident, involving representatives from France, Canada, and the United States. The investigation examined radar track records, air traffic control communications, and dashboard camera footage. Investigators analyzed the aircraft's wreckage, the engine, and the yaw trim actuator. The inquiry also focused on the pilot's qualifications and the regulatory framework regarding pilot competency for aircraft that do not require a specific type rating.
Findings
Analysis of the flight path and wreckage indicated that the aircraft lost control during flight, specifically experiencing a nose-dive while turning, which led to the aircraft disintegrating in mid-air. The investigation determined that the pilot lacked the necessary skills and specialized knowledge required to safely operate this specific aircraft model. While the captain held a valid Japanese competence certificate, the investigation noted that under Japanese regulations, pilots may operate certain aircraft within a class rating without a specific type rating, even if the aircraft possesses unique handling characteristics.
Safety action
The JTSB has recommended that the Civil Aviation Bureau of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism implement measures to ensure pilots master the specific skills and knowledge required for aircraft they have not flown previously. This recommendation applies even to aircraft that do not legally require a formal type rating, aiming to prevent accidents caused by insufficient familiarity with aircraft-specific handling characteristics.