Synopsis
On the morning of 4 February 2021, a Tecnam P2002JF Sierra, registration 9H-VLT, was conducting a dual training flight at Malta International Airport. The student pilot, with just under 30 hours of flying experience, had completed several circuits with an instructor. The instructor then disembarked on Apron 3, allowing the student to continue solo training.
The student taxied to runway 23 via taxiway R and initiated takeoff from an intersection. During the takeoff roll, the student applied full power but felt the control stick shake and abnormal vibrations. As the nosewheel lifted off the ground, the student decided to abort the takeoff. During deceleration, the student applied brakes and right rudder but reported that the rudder was ineffective. The aircraft veered left off the runway onto the grass.
Meteorological and Airport Information
At the time of the incident, conditions were visual clear, day, with wind from approximately 202.5° (SSW) at 9–10 knots. The runway used was 23, with an asphalt surface in dry condition. Runway dimensions are 2377 m long and 45 m wide. The airport elevation is 297 ft at threshold of runway 05.
Investigation Findings
The Bureau of Air Accident Investigation (BAAI) was not called to the site. The investigation relied on interviews with the student pilot and the flight instructor. The student recounted applying full power, feeling vibrations, aborting after nosewheel lift, and losing directional control despite braking and applying right rudder. The instructor had no visual of the incident but learned of it after seeing fire engines responding. The instructor contacted the student by mobile phone; the student stated the aircraft had no damage, though the student was not qualified to assess damage.
The instructor noted that the aircraft requires full right rudder to counter slipstream effects but suggested the student may have used ailerons instead. The instructor confirmed the student was ready for solo flight and had met all requirements.
Causal Factor
The investigation determined that the causal factor leading to the accident was inadequate flying technique to control the aircraft due to lack of experience and flight preparation. No aircraft mechanical malfunction was reported. The investigation concluded that the runway excursion resulted from pilot loss of control during takeoff.
Additional Observations
Interviews revealed a lack of awareness regarding post-accident aircraft securing procedures. The student remained in the aircraft with the engine running after the excursion. The instructor contacted the student by phone but did not secure the aircraft. Weather conditions were not considered a contributing factor.
Recommendations
The report includes recommendations for flying schools to emphasize emergency procedures, such as securing and vacating an aircraft after an accident, and for the Civil Aviation Authority to ensure adequate English proficiency and ATC terminology use by student pilots.