1 fatality

1988-06-09: Cessna 421B Golden Eagle II (N700SC) — David M. Bailie — Knoxville, United States of America

Knoxville, United States of AmericaFlight

On June 9, 1988, a Cessna 421B Golden Eagle II (registration N700SC) operated by David M. Bailie was involved in an aviation accident near Knoxville, United States of America in flight. One person was killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilot's poor in-flight planning/decision, impairment due to prescription medication, and intentional flight into known adverse weather, combined with exceeding the aircraft's design stress limits, led to the inflight breakup. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A).

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781215196Data APIEditorial standards

An IFR flight at FL170 ended in an inflight breakup after the pilot reported icing and a loss of manifold pressure in the left engine. The aircraft had inoperative de-ice equipment and lacked a current annual inspection. The pilot, who was not certified for multi-engine IFR and had no actual instrument experience, was taking prescription medications known to cause poor judgment.

Flight History

During an IFR flight at FL170, the pilot reported airframe icing and requested a higher altitude. He climbed to FL210 where he started a descent and reported a loss of manifold pressure in the left engine. The pilot indicated that weather was in his flight path and descent was required to avoid icing. Ninety seconds later, the pilot transmitted '...losing it...'. Radar data indicated the aircraft had an inflight breakup at approximately 17,000 feet MSL.

Aircraft Condition

There was no evidence of mechanical or structural malfunction prior to the breakup. The aircraft did not have a complete current annual inspection, and its de-ice equipment was inoperative.

Pilot Information

The pilot had no actual instrument experience and was not certified for multi-engine IFR flight. He had a medical history of anxiety attacks and had been taking prescription medication, Xanax and Tofranil, for approximately three years prior to the accident. Blood toxicology revealed 1.2 mcg/ml of imipramine (Tofranil) and 2.6 mcg/ml desipramine (metabolite of Tofranil). Xanax (alprazolam) was not reported in the blood toxicology. These drugs have been known to produce side effects that include poor judgment. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.

Toxicological Findings

Blood samples contained imipramine and desipramine, consistent with Tofranil use. The absence of alprazolam suggests Xanax was not present at the time. The source notes that these medications can cause side effects such as poor judgment.

Breakup and Subsequent Collision

The inflight breakup occurred during an uncontrolled descent. The aircraft subsequently collided with terrain in a residential area.

Official Findings

Probable cause (as stated in the official findings):

  • Occurrence #1: In flight encounter with weather. Findings: weather condition (thunderstorm, icing conditions, rain, turbulence); flight control surfaces/attachments – ice; in-flight planning/decision – poor (pilot in command); impairment (drugs) – pilot in command; flight into known adverse weather – intentional (pilot in command); lack of total instrument time (pilot in command); operation with known deficiencies in equipment (pilot in command).
  • Occurrence #2: Loss of engine power (partial) – nonmechanical. Findings: 1 engine; engine assembly – undetermined.
  • Occurrence #3: Airframe/component/system failure/malfunction. Findings: operation with known deficiencies in equipment (pilot in command); design stress limits of aircraft – exceeded (pilot in command).
  • Occurrence #4: In flight collision with terrain/water. Findings: terrain condition – residential area.