Aerodynamic stall during takeoff attempt on short runway

No fatalities • Cat Cay, Bahamas • Takeoff (climb)

An aircraft experienced an aerodynamic stall and impacted water during a takeoff attempt after the pilot misjudged the available runway length.

What happened

During the takeoff roll, the pilot configured the aircraft type with 10 degrees of flaps and applied full power. Upon reaching a speed of 80 knots, the pilot initiated rotation. While the aircraft was approximately 150 feet above the ground, the pilot reported a total loss of engine power. This led to the aircraft impacting the water in a nose-down, right-wing-low attitude, roughly 300 feet from the runway's end.

The pilot operated under the impression that the runway measured 1,900 feet, though the actual length was only 1,300 feet. While the Pilot’s Operating Handbook provided ground roll distances for 0 and 20 degrees of flaps, it did not specify a distance for the 10-degree setting used. However, the available runway was insufficient for the takeoff requirements at that configuration.

Flight data from the primary and multifunction displays showed that engine parameters remained within normal operating ranges until the conclusion of the recording. The data recorded a significant pitch increase from 0 to 20 degrees, followed by a roll of 77 degrees with the right wing down and a pitch decrease of 50 degrees. The maximum airspeed recorded was approximately 70 knots, which falls within the aircraft's stall speed range of 65 to 71 knots.

Findings

Investigation of the engine showed saltwater corrosion, though this was attributed to the post-accident submersion rather than a mechanical failure. No other mechanical issues were identified. The evidence suggests the engine did not actually lose power. Instead, the pilot attempted to lift off at an inadequate airspeed and an excessive pitch angle because of the limited runway length, resulting in an aerodynamic stall at a low altitude.

Probable cause

The pilot attempted to rotate the aircraft at an insufficient airspeed and high pitch angle due to a miscalculation of the available runway length, leading to an aerodynamic stall.

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Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 2013-08-25 Piper PA-46 (Malibu/Meridian/Mirage/Matrix/M-Class) accident near Cat Cay, Bahamas?

An aircraft experienced an aerodynamic stall and impacted water during a takeoff attempt after the pilot misjudged the available runway length.

Were there any fatalities in the 2013-08-25 Piper PA-46 (Malibu/Meridian/Mirage/Matrix/M-Class) accident?

No fatalities were recorded in this accident.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 2013-08-25 involved a Piper PA-46 (Malibu/Meridian/Mirage/Matrix/M-Class), registration N720JF, operated by Pure Beauty Farms, at Cat Cay, Bahamas.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

The pilot attempted to rotate the aircraft at an insufficient airspeed and high pitch angle due to a miscalculation of the available runway length, leading to an aerodynamic stall.

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