What happened
During an instrument approach in low visibility, the pilot requested a new altimeter setting via radio. The received information was approximately 30.11 or 30.12 inches of mercury; however, the aircraft's altimeter was later found to be set at 30.22 inches of mercury. At the time of the flight, visibility was limited to 1.5 miles due to snow showers.
As the pilot proceeded with the approach, the aircraft descended outbound to 4,500 feet, which was below the required minimum procedure turn altitude of 4,700 feet MSL. Upon approaching the VOR, the aircraft continued to descend to 3,700 feet MSL. During this phase, manifold pressure was reduced to approximately 17-18 inches and airspeed was lowered to 120 knots. The landing gear and approach flaps were deployed.
While crossing the VOR, the pilot checked the altimeter and observed the hands at the two o'clock position. Shortly after, while observing clouds through the window, the aircraft struck the terrain. The pilot survived the impact and managed to exit the cockpit via the window, wandering for several hours before being located.
Findings
The investigation identified several contributing and factual factors regarding the crash:
- The primary cause was an incorrect altimeter setting used by the pilot in command.
- The aircraft failed to maintain the required minimum descent altitude.
- The flight occurred in mountainous terrain during dark night conditions.
- Weather conditions included low ceilings and obscuration caused by snow showers.
- Improper IFR procedures were followed by the pilot.