11 fatalities

Propair Flight 420: 1998 Metro II Crash at Mirabel (C-GQAL)

Montreal-Mirabel, CanadaLanding (descent or approach)

On June 18, 1998, a Swearingen SA226 Metro II (registration C-GQAL) operated by PropAir was involved in an aviation accident near Montreal-Mirabel, Canada during landing or approach. 11 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The crew did not realize that the pull to the left and extended take-off run were due to the left brakes' dragging, which led to overheating of the brake components. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 6 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 2026-06-11Data APIEditorial standards

On 18 June 1998, Propair Flight 420, a Fairchild-Swearingen Metro II (C-GQAL), crashed inverted on the runway at Mirabel after a left wheel well fire caused wing failure. All occupants were fatally injured.

Flight Details and Initial Anomalies On the morning of 18 June 1998, Propair Flight 420, a Fairchild-Swearingen Metro II (SA226-TC) with registration C-GQAL, departed Dorval, Quebec, for Peterborough, Ontario, under instrument flight rules. The aircraft took off from Runway 24L at 0701 eastern daylight time. During ground acceleration, the aircraft pulled to the left of the runway centreline, requiring right rudder input to maintain alignment. ## In-Flight Emergencies Two minutes after takeoff, the flight was cleared to climb to 16,000 feet. At 0713, the crew reported a decrease in hydraulic pressure and requested to return to Dorval. The controller cleared the aircraft for a 180-degree turn and descent to 8,000 feet. The crew initially indicated no on-board emergency. Shortly after initiating the turn, the crew noted control issues. The left wing overheat light illuminated approximately 40 seconds later but extinguished within 30 seconds without apparent checklist activity. At 0718:12, the left engine appeared to be on fire and was shut down. The captain took the controls less than a minute later, noting that abnormal right aileron pressure was required to maintain heading. ## Decision to Divert and Fire Recurrence At 0719:19, the crew informed air traffic control that the left engine was shut down. Following a second suggestion from ATC, the crew agreed to proceed to Mirabel instead of Dorval. Less than a minute and a half later, the crew reported flames coming from the engine nozzle. Preparations for an emergency landing began, including a review of the manual landing gear extension procedure. At 0723:10, the crew reported the left engine fire had stopped, but three and a half minutes later, they advised that the fire had started again. During this period, the aircraft became increasingly difficult to control in roll, with aileron trim set to maximum. ## Crash and Aftermath Around 0727, while on short final for Runway 24L, the landing gear lever was selected, but only two gear down indicator lights illuminated. Near the runway threshold, the left wing failed upwards. The aircraft rotated more than 90 degrees to the left around its longitudinal axis and crashed inverted on the runway. The aircraft immediately caught fire, slid 2,500 feet, and came to rest on the left side of the runway. Firefighters near the runway threshold responded promptly and quickly brought the fire under control, but all occupants were fatally injured.

Probable cause

The crew did not realize that the pull to the left and extended take-off run were due to the left brakes' dragging, which led to overheating of the brake components. Dragging of the left brakes was most probably caused by an unidentified pressure locking factor upstream of the brakes on take-off. The dragging caused overheating and leakage, probably at one of the piston seals that retain the brake hydraulic fluid. When hydraulic fluid leaked onto the hot brake components, the fluid caught fire and initiated an intense fire in the left nacelle, leading to failure of the main hydraulic system. The crew never realized that all of the problems were associated with a fire in the wheel well, and they did not realize how serious the situation was. The left wing was weakened by the wing/engine fire and failed, rendering the aircraft uncontrollable.