50 fatalities

1981-02-07: Tupolev TU-104 (CCCP-42332) — Soviet Navy - Voyenno-morskoy flot CCCP — Pushkin AFB, Russia

Pushkin AFB, RussiaTakeoff (climb)

On February 7, 1981, a Tupolev TU-104 (registration CCCP-42332) operated by Soviet Navy - Voyenno-morskoy flot CCCP was involved in an aviation accident near Pushkin AFB, Russia during takeoff. 50 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The investigation of the accident revealed that the crew allowed the aircraft to be improperly loaded. Evidence was uncovered that led investigators to believe that some military officers did not comply with seating assignments given by the crew and that… This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 8 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781222965Data APIEditorial standards

Eight seconds after liftoff from runway 21 at Pushkin AFB in light snow, an aircraft banked right, overturned, and crashed, killing all 50 occupants, including 16 admirals and generals. Improper loading and passenger non-compliance were cited as causes.

Accident

Eight seconds after liftoff from runway 21 at Pushkin Air Force Base, the aircraft was climbing to a height of about 50 meters in light snow. It then banked to the right, overturned, and crashed in a large explosion near the airport. All 50 people on board were killed.

Passengers

The aircraft was transporting many senior officers of the Pacific Fleet from Leningrad, where they had been attending meetings with the naval command, to Vladivostok via Khabarovsk. Among the deceased were 16 admirals and generals, including the commander of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral Emil Spiridonov, and his wife.

Investigation

Official findings from the investigation revealed that the crew allowed the aircraft to be improperly loaded. Evidence indicated that some military officers did not comply with seating assignments given by the crew and pressured the crew to operate the flight in an unsafely loaded condition. Additionally, witnesses reported that large rolls of paper were loaded on board and likely rolled rearward during takeoff acceleration, shifting the center of gravity aft of acceptable limits. This reduced the aircraft's pitch stability, making it impossible for the crew to lower the nose.

Probable cause

The investigation of the accident revealed that the crew allowed the aircraft to be improperly loaded. Evidence was uncovered that led investigators to believe that some military officers did not comply with seating assignments given by the crew and that these officers pressured the crew to make the flight in an unsafely loaded aircraft. Another factor reported by witnesses was that large rolls of paper were loaded on board and it is believed that these rolled rearward during acceleration on take off, causing the center of gravity (CofG) to shift aft of acceptable limits thereby reducing the stability of the aircraft in pitch, making it impossible for the crew to lower the nose.