85 fatalities

Controlled Flight Into Terrain During Night Approach in UAE (EY-85281)

Sharjah, United Arab EmiratesLanding (descent or approach)

On December 15, 1997, a Tupolev TU-154 (registration EY-85281) operated by Tajikistan Airlines - Tajik Air was involved in an aviation accident near Sharjah, United Arab Emirates during landing or approach. 85 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The accident was the consequence of a controlled flight into terrain. Contributing findings included failure to follow published approach procedures, continuing the approach below the MDA until collision with terrain, failure to complete the usual approach… This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A).

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 2026-06-11Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered EY-85281
Aircraft registered EY-85281. Photo: Paul Seymour / CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

An aircraft crashed 13 km short of runway 30 in the UAE after a night approach. The copilot was the only survivor among 86 occupants. Official findings cited controlled flight into terrain, procedure noncompliance, fatigue, and turbulence.

Approach and Descent Sequence The aircraft entered UAE airspace after an uneventful flight and received clearance from Dubai air traffic control to descend successively to flight levels 170, 100, 060, and 025 via heading 190. While passing 3,460 feet, the crew was cleared to continue to 1,500 feet. At 1,800 feet, the aircraft entered an area of turbulence. The 1,500-foot level was reached 15 km from the threshold of runway 30. ## Final Approach and Impact For unknown reasons, the crew did not report passing 1,500 feet. The crew was then instructed to continue via heading 270 for the final approach to runway 30. In relatively limited visibility, the crew initiated a right turn at 400 km/h and lowered the landing gear. At 820 feet, an excessive angle-of-attack alarm sounded. The captain reduced pitch from 20° to 14°. A few seconds later, at 690 feet, the aircraft entered a second area of turbulence. The captain recognized that altitude was insufficient and requested increased engine power. The aircraft struck the ground and crashed 13 km short of the runway, bursting into flames. The aircraft disintegrated on impact. ## Casualties The copilot was the only survivor. The other 85 occupants were killed.

Probable cause

The accident was the consequence of a controlled flight into terrain. Contributing findings included failure to follow published approach procedures, continuing the approach below the MDA until collision with terrain, failure to complete the usual approach briefing and checks, lack of visibility due to night, crew fatigue, lack of crew mutual crosscheck during descent, lack of crew coordination, turbulence in the approach path, and noncompliance with published procedures.