German restricted airspace to expand as defence spending rises

Germany's increasing defence spending, counter-drone measures and military exercises will sharply increase the number of restricted airspace zones, affecting general aviation.

These areas are designated ED-R, for Restricted Area. Some are permanent, others activated only temporarily for an exercise or a trial, and size, altitude and conditions of use vary widely. Entering one without authorisation can be a criminal offence.

The German general aviation association Aopa says it is certain militarily used airspace will increase in large numbers, and that it will work with counterparts on the issue.

The shift follows a broader change in German defence policy. Defence minister Boris Pistorius recently met his US counterpart Pete Hegseth in Washington, where the two countries agreed to cooperate more closely on armament projects. The US praised Germany's leading role in strengthening Nato in Europe.

Germany plans to spend 139.6 billion euros on defence in 2027, with part of the funding going to counter-drone capabilities. The air force is also flying more exercises, and the Bundeswehr intends to train more intensively with drones at many locations while protecting itself against foreign surveillance drones. That requires protected airspace.

For pilots, the practical effect is a need for particular caution, since the number of ED-R zones is expected to rise noticeably.