Casualties unknown

Pilot Reports Attitude Indicator Malfunction and Vacuum Pump Loss Before Crash (N4944H)

Evington, VA, US

On September 9, 1990, a Cessna 182R (registration N4944H) operated by Shelby Aviation, Inc. was involved in an aviation accident near Evington, VA. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT BECAUSE OF SPATIAL DISORIENTATION. A CONTRIBUTING CAUSE IS FAILURE OF THE VACUUM SYSTEM. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive; 1 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

An aircraft on an IFR flight at 6000 ft MSL experienced attitude indicator malfunction and loss of vacuum pumps. The pilot reported being unaware of attitude. Witnesses saw a nose-down, steep bank descent before the aircraft crashed in fog and rain.

Flight Progression

Operating under instrument flight rules at an altitude of 6,000 feet mean sea level, the pilot contacted air traffic control to inquire about the cloud base. Not long after, the pilot communicated that the attitude indicator had failed and that all vacuum pumps were inoperative. Subsequently, the pilot expressed that he had lost awareness of the aircraft's orientation.

Witness Accounts

Individuals on the ground reported seeing the aircraft descending with a pronounced nose-down attitude and a steep bank. The weather conditions at the time included fog and rain.

Wreckage and Examination

The aircraft broke apart upon impact, with debris spread across a distance of 105 feet. The impact angle was determined to be 45 degrees nose-down. An examination of the vacuum pump found no indications of a mechanical failure prior to impact.

Probable Cause

The investigation did not assign a probable cause.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 9 Sept 1990 Cessna 182R accident near Evington, VA?

An aircraft on an IFR flight at 6000 ft MSL experienced attitude indicator malfunction and loss of vacuum pumps. The pilot reported being unaware of attitude. Witnesses saw a nose-down, steep bank descent before the aircraft crashed in fog and rain.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 9 Sept 1990 involved a Cessna 182R, registration N4944H, operated by Shelby Aviation, Inc., at Evington, VA.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT BECAUSE OF SPATIAL DISORIENTATION. A CONTRIBUTING CAUSE IS FAILURE OF THE VACUUM SYSTEM.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X24198. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.