Casualties unknown

Pilot Executes Off-Airport Landing After Flap Mismanagement During Touch-and-Go (N738EL)

Cottonwood, AZ, US

On September 22, 1991, a Cessna 172 (registration N738EL) operated by North-aire, Inc. was involved in an aviation accident near Cottonwood, AZ. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE PILOT-IN-COMMAND'S DELAY IN RAISING THE FLAPS AND THE SUBSEQUENT INADVERTENT STALL/MUSH. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive; 1 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

A recently certificated private pilot practicing touch-and-go landings experienced a premature liftoff with flaps extended, leading to an off-airport landing in brush-covered desert. Rescue and FAA personnel reported conflicting flap positions.

Incident Overview

A recently certificated private pilot was practicing touch-and-go takeoffs and landings. During the third takeoff, with the flaps extended 40 degrees, the pilot moved the flap lever to the 10-degree position. The airplane then lifted off prematurely, but the airspeed did not increase. The pilot realized that the flaps were still fully extended and the airplane was only about 2 feet above the ground, beyond the departure end of the runway.

Emergency Landing

The pilot elected to execute an off-airport landing in the brush-covered desert. Rescue personnel arrived at the accident site and reported that the flaps were retracted. Later, an FAA inspector arrived after the rescue personnel had left and reported that the flaps were fully extended and that the flap lever was in the fully extended position. The inspector stated that the flaps operated normally.

Aircraft and Personnel

The source did not specify the aircraft type, registration, engine count, date, operator, location, number of occupants, injuries, or damage items. No time of day, weather characterization, or ATC involvement was mentioned. Toxicology tests or fatal outcomes were not stated.

Investigation Findings

The FAA inspector noted normal flap operation. The discrepancy between the rescue personnel's observation of retracted flaps and the inspector's observation of fully extended flaps remains unresolved in the source material. No probable cause was explicitly stated in the source.

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Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 22 Sept 1991 Cessna 172 accident near Cottonwood, AZ?

A recently certificated private pilot practicing touch-and-go landings experienced a premature liftoff with flaps extended, leading to an off-airport landing in brush-covered desert. Rescue and FAA personnel reported conflicting flap positions.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 22 Sept 1991 involved a Cessna 172, registration N738EL, operated by North-aire, Inc., at Cottonwood, AZ.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

THE PILOT-IN-COMMAND'S DELAY IN RAISING THE FLAPS AND THE SUBSEQUENT INADVERTENT STALL/MUSH.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001212X18130. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.