Casualties unknown

Check Flight Ends in Ground Collision After Simulated Engine Failure (N131CA)

Merced, CA, US

On April 20, 1993, a British Aerospace BA 3101 (registration N131CA) operated by Westair Commuter Airlines, Inc was involved in an aviation accident near Merced, CA. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE FIRST OFFICER'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN AN ADEQUATE RATE OF CLIMB AFTER A SINGLE-ENGINE LOSS OF POWER WAS SIMULATED, AND THE COMPANY CHECK PILOT'S INADEQUATE SUPERVISION AND FAILURE TO NOTE THE DESCENT. DARKNESS WAS A RELATED FACTOR. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-07-04Data APIEditorial standards

During a proficiency check flight, a simulated left engine failure led to a loss of control and ground collision. The check pilot did not intervene verbally, and no mechanical issues were found.

Flight Purpose and Personnel

A company chief pilot, serving as the check pilot, was conducting a proficiency check for a company first officer (F/O). An FAA inspector was aboard to evaluate the check pilot's ability to administer such checks.

Events Leading to Collision

Shortly after lift-off on the second takeoff, the check pilot simulated an engine failure. The F/O, who was wearing a vision-limiting device (VLD), allowed the airplane to drift left. The FAA inspector observed that the F/O successfully regained directional control. The inspector then looked away from the cockpit; upon looking back, he noted the airplane was descending. Moments later, the airplane collided with the ground.

Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) Findings

Review of the CVR tape revealed that from the time the simulated left engine failure was initiated until impact, the check pilot did not say anything to the F/O.

Inspector Observations

The FAA inspector reported that during the event, the check pilot was looking to the left, outside the aircraft, and did not have his hand near the power quadrant.

Investigation Results

No maintenance discrepancy or material deficiency was noted during the investigation. The F/O had 3,925 hours in the same make and model of aircraft.

Frequently asked questions

What happened in the 20 Apr 1993 British Aerospace BA 3101 accident near Merced, CA?

During a proficiency check flight, a simulated left engine failure led to a loss of control and ground collision. The check pilot did not intervene verbally, and no mechanical issues were found.

What aircraft was involved and where did it happen?

The accident on 20 Apr 1993 involved a British Aerospace BA 3101, registration N131CA, operated by Westair Commuter Airlines, Inc, at Merced, CA.

What was the probable cause of the accident?

THE FIRST OFFICER'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN AN ADEQUATE RATE OF CLIMB AFTER A SINGLE-ENGINE LOSS OF POWER WAS SIMULATED, AND THE COMPANY CHECK PILOT'S INADEQUATE SUPERVISION AND FAILURE TO NOTE THE DESCENT. DARKNESS WAS A RELATED FACTOR.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001211X12155. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.