Casualties unknown

1993-12-16: Israel Aircraft Industries 1124A (N309CK) — Martin Aviation — Santa Ana, CA

Santa Ana, CA, US

On December 16, 1993, an Israel Aircraft Industries 1124A (registration N309CK) operated by Martin Aviation was involved in an aviation accident near Santa Ana, CA. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: THE PILOT-IN-COMMAND'S FAILURE TO MAINTAIN ADEQUATE SEPARATION BEHIND THE BOEING 757 AND/OR REMAIN ABOVE ITS FLIGHT PATH DURING THE APPROACH, WHICH RESULTED IN AN ENCOUNTER WITH WAKE VORTICES FROM THE 757. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive; 5 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 1781061362Data APIEditorial standards

An Israel Westwind, sequenced behind a Boeing 757 for a visual approach, encountered wake turbulence while descending through 1,100 ft MSL, resulting in a steep descent and crash. The crew lacked specific wake turbulence training, and the captain had expressed no problem with the spacing.

Background

Three aircraft—a Beech Liner, a Boeing 757, and an Israel Westwind (WW)—were vectored for landings on Runway 19R. The 757 and the Westwind were sequenced for visual approaches behind the Beech.

Sequence of Events

Before being cleared for the visual approach, the Westwind was closing to 3.5 miles from the 757 on a converging course. Air traffic control instructed both the 757 and Westwind crews to slow to 150 knots. The 757 slowed below 150 knots and was high on final approach with a descent rate of 5.6 degrees. The Westwind continued to converge, reaching about 2.1 miles behind the 757 on a 3-degree approach. ATC did not specifically advise, nor was it required by the ATC handbook to advise, the Westwind pilots that they were behind a Boeing 757.

Encounter and Crash

The Westwind captain discussed possible wake turbulence, flew the ILS at one dot high, noted the closeness to the 757, and indicated there should be no problem. While descending through approximately 1,100 feet MSL, the Westwind encountered wake turbulence from the 757, rolled into a steep descent, and crashed.

Additional Findings

An investigation found that the crew lacked specific wake turbulence training. A toxicological analysis detected chlorpheniramine (a common over-the-counter antihistamine not approved for flying) in the pilot's lung tissue at a concentration of 0.094 ug/mL. (See special study NTSB/SIR-94/01)

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20001211X13867. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.