Casualties unknown

Fire Suppression Helicopter Accident: Tail Rotor Failure and Emergency Landing (N11HX)

Whitley City, KY, US

On November 12, 2001, a Bell 407 (registration N11HX) was involved in an aviation accident near Whitley City, KY. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The pilots decision to operate the helicopter at an airspeed in excess of the maximum demonstrated stable airspeed for the water bucket. A factor in the accident was the pilot did not follow the published emergency procedure. This summary draws on records from the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive; 8 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archivePrimary reportUpdated 2026-06-10Data APIEditorial standards

During a fire suppression flight, a helicopter's tail rotor failed after the water bucket struck it. The pilot performed an autorotation to a sloped area, but the helicopter rolled onto its right side upon landing.

Flight and Incident

The pilot was conducting a fire suppression flight. While indicating an airspeed of approximately 100 knots, the empty water bucket, which had been occasionally unstable during the flight, was in use. The pilot heard a "bang," after which the helicopter yawed to the right and the tail rotor ceased spinning. The pilot jettisoned the bucket and, finding no suitable landing location, continued to the dip-point.

Emergency Landing

At the dip-point, the pilot selected an open area that was sloped. Due to uncertainty regarding the helicopter's airworthiness, the pilot did not search for an alternative landing site. He initiated a "needles joined autorotation." As the helicopter slowed, it began to spin to the right. The spin subsequently stopped, and the helicopter impacted the ground, then rolled onto its right side with little or no power applied to the main rotor.

Wreckage Examination

Examination of the wreckage determined that the water bucket had entered the arc of the tail rotor, and the tail-rotor driveshaft had been severed, consistent with overload. The bucket's operating manual noted that the bucket had been proven stable up to an airspeed of approximately 96 knots. Additionally, the manual indicated that a bucket with an overall length greater than the distance from the cargo hook to the front arc of the tail rotor could result in a tail rotor strike.

Emergency Procedures

The established emergency procedure for a complete loss of tail rotor thrust in flight was to reduce throttle to idle and immediately enter autorotation. It further stated that if a suitable landing site was not available, the vertical fin might permit controlled flight to a suitable area.

Investigation report by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) historical archive. Original record: https://carol.ntsb.gov/event/20011202X02329. This page is a structured re-presentation; facts and quotes are in the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), United States.