Incident Overview
On September 22, 2020, a pilot with a Private Pilot License (PPL(A)) arrived at a flight training center at Rzeszów-Jasionka Airport (EPRZ) to perform a training flight. At 14:00 local time, the pilot took over the Tecnam P-2008-JC, registration SP-WBI, from the maintenance organization after scheduled servicing. After preflight preparations, including fueling and a preflight inspection with an instructor present, the pilot started the engine and conducted a run-up. Clearance was obtained for taxi and takeoff.
Flight and Engine Problem
After departing from runway 27, the pilot flew a right-hand circuit, then proceeded north to waypoint "MIKE." At 2,500 feet altitude, the pilot noticed a flashing warning light and a drop in oil pressure below 12 PSI. Climbing was stopped, and a left turn was initiated while the pilot reported the oil pressure issue to the tower controller; the pressure continued to drop to 3 PSI. Shortly afterward, a knocking sound was heard from the engine, smoke appeared under the cowling, and the engine stopped. The pilot declared MAYDAY, shut off the fuel valve and electrical power, and executed a forced landing in a field. The aircraft was not damaged, and the pilot sustained no injuries.
Investigation Findings
In coordination with the Polish State Commission on Aircraft Accident Investigation (PKBWL), fuel was drained and secured for analysis, and the aircraft was disassembled and transported to a hangar for preservation. Examination of the engine revealed a loose valve cover on cylinder No. 1, which caused an oil leak. This led to piston seizure in cylinder No. 1 and engine stoppage. No other engine components were found damaged.
Probable Cause
The engine stopped because of piston seizure in cylinder No. 1 due to an oil leak from a loose valve cover. The reason for the valve cover loosening was not determined.
Preventive Measures
After the incident, the operator implemented the following actions:
- Checked the tightening torque of valve covers on other engines in the training fleet.
- Began marking all valve cover bolts with paint to allow pilots to quickly verify tightness during preflight inspections.
- Introduced a requirement to check the torque of Rotax engine valve cover bolts every 50 hours of operation during maintenance.
No additional safety recommendations were issued by the commission.