110 fatalities

1981-08-22: Boeing 737-200 (B-2603) — Far Eastern Air Transport - FAT — Sanyi, Taiwan

Sanyi, TaiwanFlight

On August 22, 1981, a Boeing 737-200 (registration B-2603) operated by Far Eastern Air Transport - FAT was involved in an aviation accident near Sanyi, Taiwan in flight. 110 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: Severe fuselage corrosion and fatigue cracks caused a rapid structural failure and explosive decompression during cruise flight. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 5 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781222289Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered B-2603
Aircraft registered B-2603. Photo: Henk Geerlings / CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

An aircraft traveling from Taipei-Songshan Airport crashed in Miaoli County after experiencing an explosive decompression and structural failure during cruise flight.

What happened

Fourteen minutes after departing from Taipei-Songshan Airport for a flight to Kaohsiung, the aircraft disappeared from radar while cruising at 22,000 feet. No distress signals were transmitted by the crew prior to the loss of contact. The aircraft subsequently entered an uncontrolled descent characterized by an explosive decompression of the cabin. During this sequence, the plane partially broke apart in mid-air before impacting the ground in Sanyi, located within Miaoli County. The wreckage was distributed across a debris field spanning approximately 10 square kilometers. There were 110 fatalities among the occupants, with no survivors reported.

Findings

Investigations into the accident identified severe structural degradation caused by extensive corrosion within the lower fuselage. Specifically, intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion had led to significant skin thinning, as well as the development of various pits, holes, and cracks throughout the structure. The high number of pressurization cycles, totaling 33,313 landings, likely contributed to the presence of undetected fatigue cracks. The investigation concluded that the interaction of these corrosive defects and structural cracks reached a critical point where the pressure differential at cruise altitude triggered a rapid fracture. This failure resulted in the sudden breakage of passenger compartment floor beams and connecting frames, which subsequently severed essential electrical wiring and control cables, leading to total loss of power and flight control.

Probable cause

Severe fuselage corrosion and fatigue cracks caused a rapid structural failure and explosive decompression during cruise flight.