What happened
On 28 March 2016, an Airbus A320-232, registration EC-MGE, operating a scheduled domestic flight from Barcelona to Bilbao, was involved in a runway excursion at Bilbao Airport (LEBB). The flight had previously executed a go-around due to a reactive windshear warning during its first approach.
Upon performing a second approach and landing on runway 30, the aircraft initially maintained the centerline. However, during the landing run, the aircraft began to swerve from side to side. The aircraft eventually veered to the left, exiting the runway via the left shoulder between taxiways 5 and 6. During this excursion, the left main landing gear traveled over an unpaved area, causing minor damage to the aircraft's left engine cowling and a nose gear wheel component. The aircraft also struck runway edge lights, a taxiway sign, and a conduit. The aircraft eventually came to a stop on taxiway T. There were no injuries among the 115 occupants.
The investigation
The CIAIAC examined flight data recorder (FDR) and cockpit voice recorder (CVR) information, meteorological reports, and crew statements. The investigation focused on the aircraft's stability during the landing roll and the impact of environmental factors. Investigators analyzed the aircraft's deceleration, the use of thrust reversers, and the crew's manual inputs, including rudder, braking, and side stick movements. The investigation also reviewed the touchdown zone (TDZ) markings and the consistency of airport lighting and signage.
Findings
- The aircraft landed 140 meters beyond the touchdown zone, a result of an early flare maneuver.
- The crew's perception of the touchdown zone was hindered by inconsistent runway markings and lights.
- A wind gust from the left likely contributed to the initial deviation from the runway centerline.
- The asymmetric deployment of thrust reversers during the landing run made lateral control more difficult.
- The crew's corrective actions, including differential braking and rudder inputs, were insufficient to prevent the excursion.
- The crew utilized side stick inputs to manage roll, which, contrary to manufacturer recommendations, may have intensified the weathercock effect.