What happened
On 26 January 2019, a Cathay Pacific Airways Boeing 777-367, registration B-HNP, was performing a scheduled passenger flight from New Chitose Airport, Japan, to Hong Kong International Airport. While cruising at flight level 370 within the Taipei Flight Information Region, the commander experienced a sudden and significant loss of visual acuity, described as a loss of focus in both eyes accompanied by a multi-colored flashing storm sensation.
Upon recognizing the medical emergency, the commander declared pilot incapacitation and transitioned from the pilot flying to the pilot monitoring role. Following the airline's standard operating procedures, the commander instructed the first officer to take control of the aircraft and requested assistance from the cabin crew. A senior purser joined the cockpit to assist with checklist reading and communication. As the aircraft entered the Hong Kong Flight Information Region, the first officer declared a PAN-PAN urgency signal to request a priority approach. The aircraft landed safely at Hong Kong International Airport without any injuries to the 16 passengers or crew, and with no damage to the aircraft.
The investigation
The investigation examined the medical state of the commander, the flight crew's adherence to emergency protocols, and the technical functionality of the aircraft. Investigators confirmed that the commander had received sufficient rest prior to the flight and that both pilots were properly licensed and qualified. The investigation also reviewed the aircraft's automation, noting that the autopilot system was engaged and functioning correctly, which helped manage the workload during the single-pilot operation.
Findings
- The commander experienced a sudden loss of focus in both eyes that deteriorated during the flight.
- The first officer effectively managed the increased workload by utilizing the autopilot and electronic checklists.
- The senior purser provided critical support by managing communications between the cockpit and the cabin.
- Air traffic control provided precise instructions and prioritized the aircraft's approach.
- The crew's adherence to established standard operating procedures and the use of available resources prevented the incident from escalating.