3 fatalities

Dual Engine Failure and Collision with Terrain Following Ice Ingestion (N44)

Latrobe-Arnold Palmer-Westmoreland County, United States of AmericaLanding (descent or approach)

On November 2, 1988, a Rockwell 1121 Jet Commander (registration N44) operated by Federal Aviation Administration - FAA was involved in an aviation accident near Latrobe-Arnold Palmer-Westmoreland County, United States of America during landing or approach. 3 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: Failure of the pilot in command to observe the rapid accretion of ice on the airplane due to his attention being diverted. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 8 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 2026-06-11Data APIEditorial standards

An aircraft with an inoperative ice detection system entered forecast moderate icing, leading to ice ingestion and dual engine flameout. The aircraft collided with trees during emergency descent. Investigation cited pilot inattention, training deficiencies, and FAA oversight issues.

Introduction

An aircraft entered an area of forecast moderate icing while its ice detection system was intermittently inoperative. While holding in icing conditions to check flight inspection equipment, the crew noted ice accretion and activated the surface de-ice system. Ice subsequently broke loose and entered the engine intakes, causing both engines to flame out.

Sequence of Events

During the emergency descent, the crew initially attempted restarts, but neither engine would sustain power. The crew requested vectors to a more distant airport. The aircraft subsequently collided with trees.

Pilot Background

Both pilots were seen drinking the previous night. The captain had decided to retire that day. The copilot had recently lost his driver's license for DUI, had worked in flight operations only 3 days in the previous 8 weeks, and had limited training in flight inspection. Both pilots had personal stresses which may have influenced performance. Toxicological examination of the captain's contaminated thoracic blood revealed 0.057% alcohol, though putrefaction would have accentuated part of that level. The copilot had trace alcohol in urine only.

Investigation Findings

Examination of both engines showed compressor foreign object damage (FOD) consistent with ice ingestion. No other aircraft system or engine malfunctions were found. The investigation identified that the pilot in command was inattentive, delaying ice removal, and the copilot had inadequate initial training. The FAA was cited for inadequate surveillance and insufficient staff.

Probable Cause

The official probable cause is: Failure of the pilot in command to observe the rapid accretion of ice on the airplane due to his attention being diverted.