What happened
The flight originated from Krasnoyarsk and proceeded without incident until the descent phase toward Norilsk-Alykel Airport began. While flying at approximately 600 meters with a velocity of 370 km/h, the crew extended the landing gear. As the aircraft reached an altitude of 500 meters and a speed of 300 km/h, roughly 19 km from the destination, the flaps were set to a 28° angle.
During this phase, the flight crew performed calculations to determine the necessary landing speed based on current weight and atmospheric conditions. The crew determined the target speed to be 265 km/h; however, the required speed for the aircraft's state was actually 270 km/h. During the short final approach, the aircraft fell below the established glide path.
The aircraft impacted the terrain approximately 470 meters before reaching the runway threshold, traveling at a speed of 261 km/h. Following the impact, the plane slid across the icy surface for roughly 300 meters before catching fire. The accident resulted in 99 fatalities, including four crew members, and 68 injuries. The aircraft was completely destroyed during the event.
Findings
Investigations into the crash identified a loss of longitudinal control during the final approach. Several contributing elements were noted, including a significant drop in stabilizer efficiency once they moved beyond a -20° angle. Additionally, all three engines experienced an automatic reduction in power to near-idle levels.
The accident was further influenced by a forward center of gravity and an inadequate approach speed. The aircraft also maintained an excessive rate of descent. Finally, the crew failed to identify the emergency in a timely manner and did not attempt to execute a go-around procedure.