1960-07-21: Ilyushin II-12 (CCCP-01405) — Aeroflot - Russian International Airlines — Minsk, Belarus

8 fatalitiesMinsk, BelarusTakeoff (climb)

An aircraft crashed during takeoff at Minsk Airport after encountering a stall, resulting in eight fatalities and several injuries.

What happened

During a takeoff roll at Minsk Airport, the pilot-in-command initiated rotation after the aircraft had traveled 750 meters along the runway. Following liftoff, the aircraft type experienced an immediate increase in pitch, entering a high angle of attack and subsequent stall conditions due to inadequate airspeed. The flight path led to multiple ground impacts, followed by contact with power lines before the plane ultimately crashed into a truck parking area.

The accident resulted in eight fatalities, including all four crew members and four passengers on board. Other occupants of the aircraft sustained injuries during the sequence of events. The impact caused the total destruction of the airframe.

Findings

Investigations determined that the primary cause was an improper takeoff configuration by the flight crew, specifically initiating rotation before reaching the necessary speed. This error placed the plane into a stall immediately after leaving the ground. A contributing factor identified was the condition of the runway; the surface was soggy, which led to significant water accumulation on the underside of the wings. This buildup of water hindered aerodynamic performance and slowed the aircraft's acceleration during the takeoff roll.

Probable cause

The crew initiated rotation at an insufficient airspeed, leading to a stall, compounded by reduced aerodynamic lift caused by water accumulation on the wings from a wet runway.