Flight 708 Jakarta–Manado Accident (PK-GLB)

Flight Operations and Diversion History Flight 708 was a scheduled domestic service from Jakarta to Manado, with intermediate stops at Surabaya and Makassar. The flight departed Jakarta at 0030 GMT on 15 February and proceeded on an instrument flight rules (IFR) plan to Surabaya. En route, the No. 4 engine would not synchronize. The aircraft landed at Surabaya at 0200 GMT, where an oil leak on the No. 1 propeller was found. After rectifying the faults, the flight departed Surabaya at 0300 GMT. On approach to Makassar, bad weather was reported. After two landing attempts, the pilot-in-command diverted to another aerodrome. Although Denpasar was the first alternate, the pilot-in-command elected to return to Surabaya-Juanda and remain overnight, despite the greater distance. An oil leak on the No. 1 propeller was again observed and noted for rectification. The flight departed the next morning at 0010 GMT for Makassar, landing without incident. After an approximately one-hour stop, the flight proceeded to Manado, with an estimated time of arrival of 0512 GMT. ## Approach and Impact On approach to Manado, the pilot-in-command requested weather conditions and was given a cloud base of 900 ft and visibility of 2 km. At 1,500 ft, the town and beach were visible. The aircraft made a 360° turn over the bay, descended to 900 ft, and intercepted the beach on a heading of 120°, intending to approach runway 18. The pilot-in-command sighted the runway to his right and continued the approach through a gap between two hills. He called for the undercarriage to be lowered and instructed the flight engineer to stand by for an overshoot, with the flaps in the landing position. The aircraft banked 15°–20° to the right while the co-pilot monitored and called the airspeed. After passing a hill 200 ft above runway elevation and approximately 2,720 ft before the runway threshold, the pilot-in-command realized the aircraft was too high and still left of the centerline. The nose was lowered, and after intercepting the glide path at an indicated airspeed of 130 kt, the control column was moved rearwards to a normal descent position. With airspeed rapidly decreasing below the target threshold speed of 125 kt and the aircraft still banked right, the aircraft landed heavily 3 ft short of the runway manoeuvring area and 156 ft short of the runway threshold. The undercarriage collapsed, the aircraft skidded, caught fire, and came to rest on the runway 1,442 ft after the threshold on a heading of 225°. Twenty-two passengers were killed.