329 fatalities

1985-06-23: Boeing 747-200 (VT-EFO) — Air India — Atlantic Ocean, World

Atlantic Ocean, WorldFlight

On June 23, 1985, a Boeing 747-200 (registration VT-EFO) operated by Air India was involved in an aviation accident near Atlantic Ocean, World in flight. 329 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: An explosion within the forward cargo compartment is believed to have caused the mid-air breakup of the aircraft. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 16 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781218360Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered VT-EFO
Aircraft registered VT-EFO. Photo: Ian Kirby / CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

An Air India Boeing 747 disappeared from radar near the coast of Ireland on June 23, 1985, resulting in the loss of all souls on board.

What happened

On the morning of June 23, 1985, an Air India Boeing 747, registered as VT-EFO, was operating flight AI182 from Montreal toward London, with subsequent destinations in Delhi and Bombay. While transiting the airspace near Ireland, the aircraft was being tracked by radar at Shannon. At approximately 0714 GMT, while cruising at an altitude of roughly 31,000 feet, the plane vanished from the radar screen.

Following the disappearance, Shannon Upper Area Control attempted to establish contact with the flight, but no response was received. The situation was reported to the Marine Rescue Coordination Center at 0730 hours. Subsequent emergency broadcasts led to a coordinated search and rescue effort involving various maritime vessels converging on the coordinates 51° 3.6' N and 12° 49' W, located off the southwest coast of Ireland. The accident resulted in 329 fatalities, comprising all 307 passengers and 22 crew members.

Findings

Investigations into the destruction of the aircraft revealed that the forward and aft cargo holds had ruptured prior to the plane hitting the ocean surface. Additionally, the portion of the airframe located behind the wings had detached from the front section before impact. While investigators found no evidence that a structural failure was the primary cause, there was significant circumstantial evidence suggesting that an explosion in the forward cargo compartment served as the initiating event.

Probable cause

An explosion within the forward cargo compartment is believed to have caused the mid-air breakup of the aircraft.