154 fatalities

1976-09-19: Boeing 727-200 (TC-JBH) — Turkish Airlines - THY Türk Hava Yollari — Isparta, Turkey

Isparta, TurkeyLanding (descent or approach)

On September 19, 1976, a Boeing 727-200 (registration TC-JBH) operated by Turkish Airlines - THY Türk Hava Yollari was involved in an aviation accident near Isparta, Turkey during landing or approach. 154 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The crew misidentified city lights, causing them to begin a descent toward Isparta instead of Antalya and resulting in a collision with terrain. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 16 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781228817Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered TC-JBH
Aircraft registered TC-JBH. Photo: Fergus Abraham / CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

A scheduled flight from Istanbul to Antalya crashed into a mountain near Isparta, resulting in the deaths of all 154 people on board.

What happened

A scheduled passenger service departed from Istanbul-Yeşilköy Airport at 22:45 local time, bound for Antalya. The flight was carrying a total of 154 people, consisting of 146 passengers and eight crew members. While cruising at 25,000 feet past the Afyon VOR, the flight crew requested a descent to 13,000 feet.

At approximately 23:11 local time, the captain observed the lights of Antalya and began an approach toward runway 36. However, the aircraft was actually positioned roughly 100 km north of its intended destination. During the night descent, while operating under Visual Flight Rules (VFR) at an altitude of 3,700 feet, the aircraft type struck the slope of Mt Karakaya, which stands at 1,371 meters, south of Isparta. The impact caused the plane to disintegrate, with wreckage recovered at an elevation of 1,130 meters. There were 154 fatalities.

Findings

The investigation determined that the crew mistakenly identified the lights of Isparta as those of Antalya. This led to a premature descent while the aircraft was still significantly north of its target. The accident was a result of navigational errors where the crew failed to maintain proper visual references, leading to controlled flight into terrain.

Probable cause

The crew misidentified city lights, causing them to begin a descent toward Isparta instead of Antalya and resulting in a collision with terrain.