57 fatalities

1994-12-29: Boeing 737-400 (TC-JES) — Turkish Airlines - THY Türk Hava Yollari — Van-Ferit Melen, Turkey

Van-Ferit Melen, TurkeyLanding (descent or approach)

On December 29, 1994, a Boeing 737-400 (registration TC-JES) operated by Turkish Airlines - THY Türk Hava Yollari was involved in an aviation accident near Van-Ferit Melen, Turkey during landing or approach. 57 people were killed. Investigators recorded the probable cause as: The crew continued the approach in below minima weather conditions and descended below the minimum safe altitude until the aircraft contacted the ground and crashed. This summary draws on records from the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A); 16 related events involving the same aircraft type or operator are linked below.

Sourcesthe Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives (B3A)Primary reportUpdated 1781208430Data APIEditorial standards
Aircraft registered TC-JES
Aircraft registered TC-JES. Photo: Pedro Aragão / CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

An aircraft crashed during its third approach to Van-Ferit Melen Airport after encountering poor weather with heavy snow. The crew initiated two go-arounds before the accident. 57 occupants were killed and 19 seriously injured; the aircraft was destroyed.

Accident Overview

While descending to Van-Ferit Melen Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with limited visibility due to heavy snowfall. The crew conducted a VOR/DME approach to runway 03 but was unable to establish visual contact with the runway and initiated a go-around.

Flight History

Due to the general conditions at the destination, the captain decided to return to Ankara but eventually attempted a second approach. Minutes later, as visibility dropped to 300 metres, the crew was forced to initiate a second go-around. During the third approach, the crew failed to realize the altitude was too low. The aircraft struck a snow-covered hill 70 metres high located about 4 km from the runway 03 threshold and crashed.

Casualties and Damage

Five crew members and 52 passengers were killed, while 19 other occupants were seriously injured. The aircraft was destroyed.

Weather Conditions

At the time of the accident, visibility was below minimums.

Probable cause

The crew continued the approach in below minima weather conditions and descended below the minimum safe altitude until the aircraft contacted the ground and crashed.